How to Scan Objects for 3D Printing

3D printing has become a popular method for creating physical objects from digital designs. One important step in the 3D printing process is the creation of a digital model of the object you want to print. 

One way to create this digital model is to scan a physical object using specialized equipment. In this article, we will explore the different methods and equipment you can use to scan objects for 3D printing. 

Whether you are a beginner or an experienced 3D printing enthusiast, this article will provide you with the knowledge you need to get started with object scanning for 3D printing. Let’s get started!

What Is 3D Scanning and How Does It Work?

3D scanning is one of the newest, revolutionary breakthroughs in technology. It works by using high-definition cameras and light emitters that fully capture objects in real-time 3D with absolute precision.

The process generates enormous amounts of data that can be used to accurately measure objects, build or replicate model components, as well as form complete reconstructions or even animations. 

Its widespread applications range from industrial design, research, and architecture all the way through to medical assessment and entertainment.

3D scanning has revolutionized how engineering and design projects are created and brought to life, offering an ultra-efficient means to penetrate markets around the world.

3D scanners use different technologies to capture the data of an object or environment. The most common type of 3D scanner uses lasers or light to scan objects quickly and accurately. 

The Different Methods of 3D Scanning

Laser Triangulation Scanning

Laser triangulation works by projecting a laser line onto an object and detecting its reflection with a 3D camera. The reflections are then used to calculate the distance between the scanner and the object, creating a precise map of its shape and surface features.

This method is ideal for scanning small and intricate objects, as it is usually very accurate and can capture detailed information with minimal time.

Features

• Accurately captures measured objects in a matter of seconds, no matter their size or shape
• Data accuracy remains uncompromised up to 50 meters and real-time measurements are instantaneous, enabling you to quickly make adjustments where necessary.
• The user-friendly interface allows for effortless integration with various software and hardware systems
• The scalability of the system allows it to be modified for any application

Pros

• It allows for detailed digital representations of objects
• LASER triangulation 3D scanning technology helps you get ahead in all your projects with greater speed and guarantee better outcomes

Cons

• This technology requires fixed alignment between the object and scanner to maintain accuracy, making it difficult to use with unevenly shaped objects
• Time-consuming and quite expensive, which might be prohibitive for businesses and organizations with limited resources.

Structured Light Scanning

Structured light 3D scanning technology allows users to capture physical objects in accurate, high-resolution 3D scans quickly and easily.

This versatile and user-friendly technology works by projecting a pattern of light on the subject being scanned and then analyzing the distortion of this pattern as it reflects off the object’s surface. The data obtained from these reflections are then used to create a 3D model

Features

• Structured Light 3D scanning can provide geometric and texture data in the form of a point cloud
• The most impressive feature is that it allows detailed capturing of complex shapes that other technologies struggle to replicate

Pros

• The versatility of this technology means that it is suitable for use in different industries, including engineering, architecture, and manufacturing

Cons

• The process of scanning and collecting data is time-consuming and labor-intensive
• There’s the issue of significantly decreased accuracy when using low-resolution scanners due to a lack of sufficient detail.

Photogrammetry

Photogrammetry 3D scanning is a type of 3D scanning that involves taking multiple pictures from different angles and merging them into a single 3D model. 

This technology is ideal for quickly capturing huge objects like buildings and landscapes, as it can be done in just minutes.

It is an exciting technology that enables aerial mapping and geographic analysis. Using high-resolution digital cameras, a 3D model of a property or site can be easily created.

Features

•  It uses photography to create accurate 3D models of objects, buildings, and landscapes from multiple angles

• This technology makes it possible to capture non-static environments; making it ideal for projects that require frequent updates or need to track changes over time.

Pros

• Photogrammetry accurately captures spatial information in the form of measurements, helping to create three-dimensional objects from multiple two-dimensional images.

Cons

• The accuracy of results is highly dependent on factors such as the quality of cameras used and any existing inconsistencies in terrain features or landmarks that can alter the data

• Photogrammetry requires high-resolution images which can be difficult to capture in certain environments and may not be available when needed.

Contact-Based 3D Scanning Technology

Contact-Based 3D Scanning is a relatively new technology that utilizes the contact between an object and a scanning probe to reconstruct the object digitally. It involves physically pressing a tool, such as a stylus or optical probe, against the surface of an object to collect data about its shape.

This technology allows for precise and highly detailed scans of objects, making it perfect for projects requiring accuracy and precision.

Features

• Enables users to quickly and easily make quick changes to corrections
• Accurately capture color information

Pros

• Eliminates glitches or lack of data that are common in non-contact methods

Cons

• Objects that are too large or complex to access may be challenging for operators to capture

 LASER Pulse-Based 3D Scanning

Laser pulse-based 3D scanning is a popular technology used to capture precise shapes and measurements of 3D objects.

 It works by sending out pulses of light in rapid succession while rotating the object 360 degrees, allowing the system to create an accurate image of the object’s shape and surface structure.

This technology is considered the gold standard for capturing highly accurate 3D models of objects, due to its ability to capture even the smallest details. It is also capable of quickly and easily scanning large or complex objects with just a few pulses.

Features

• This method uses a LASER to emit pulses of light that capture the physical qualities of an object and transform them into digital models

• It is ideal for applications such as reconstructing archaeological sites or reverse engineering complex mechanical components requiring complex measurements

Pros

• Data collected can be used for high-quality photo

Cons

• The accuracy of the scans is also affected by external factors such as humidity and temperature

• Creating a 3D model from scanned points requires extensive post-processing before the use

Procedure for Scanning an Object for 3D Printing

Here is a step-by-step guide to scanning objects for 3D printing:

Choose a Scanning Method

Decide which method you will use to scan the object. Options include laser scanning, structured light scanning, photogrammetry, handheld 3D scanners, and fixed 3D scanners.

Set Up the Scanner

Follow the instructions for your chosen scanning method to set up the scanner. This may involve positioning the scanner at a certain distance and angle from the object or installing software on your computer.

Prepare the Object

Make sure the object is clean and free of dust, and place it in a well-lit area. If using a handheld scanner, consider attaching the object to a rotatable platform to make it easier to scan.

Scan the Object

Follow the instructions for your chosen scanning method to capture the surface geometry of the object. This may involve moving the scanner over the surface of the object or taking multiple photographs from different angles.

Process the Scan Data

Use software to process the scan data and create a 3D model of the object. This may involve aligning multiple scans, smoothing the surface, and filling any gaps or holes.

Export the 3D Model

Save the 3D model in a file format that is compatible with your 3D printer. Popular formats include .STL and .OBJ.

Print the 3D Model

Use your 3D printer to create a physical version of the object. Follow the instructions for your printer to load the 3D model and start the printing process.

Benefits of 3D Scanning

There are numerous benefits of 3D scanning. Here are the most prominent ones:

Improved Accuracy

3D scanning technology provides improved accuracy for complex measurements, allowing precise measurements of objects that may otherwise be difficult or even impossible to measure manually.

3D scanners are able to capture numerous angles quickly, producing a detailed three-dimensional model of the scanned object in a much shorter amount of time than traditional methods. 

High-Resolution

High-resolution 3D scans of an object’s geometry and textures are now possible due to advancements in scanning technology. This allows users to create intricate 3D models from a single scan, significantly reducing the time needed for manual modeling.

Increased Speed and Efficiency

3D scanning technology provides increased speed and efficiency when compared to traditional methods. The technology is capable of capturing accurate information quickly and easily, significantly reducing the amount of time needed to complete tasks.

3D scanning also increases productivity in the manufacturing process, enabling you to quickly identify problems and make corrections on the fly without having to stop production or incur additional costs.

Reduced Labor Costs

3D scanning technology enables businesses to take on more projects and complete them faster, with fewer personnel required. 

With the use of 3D scanners, it is now possible to scan objects quickly and accurately without having to rely on an individual’s skill-set-resolution scans allow for greater detail in the production process.

More Flexibility for Customization

3D scanning technology offers businesses a great deal of flexibility for customization and design changes. By capturing detailed scans of objects in 3D, companies can quickly and easily make changes to existing designs or create new ones from scratch.

This technology allows them to make alterations to the geometry, color, and other properties of an object with ease.

Frequently Asked Questions On How to Scan Objects for 3D Printing

Final Thought

In conclusion, scanning objects for 3D printing is a useful and increasingly popular technique that allows you to create digital models of physical objects for use in 3D printing or other applications. 

There are several different methods for scanning objects, such as Laser Triangulation scanning, Structured light scanning, contact-based scanning, and Photogrammetry. Each method has its own advantages and limitations, and the best approach will depend on the specific object being scanned and the desired end result. 

Regardless of the method chosen, it is important to follow best practices for creating accurate and high-quality 3D models, including using appropriate lighting and positioning the object carefully. With the right tools and techniques, anyone can learn how to scan objects for 3D printing and create their own digital models.